Politički liberalizam
John Rawls, the founder of modern liberalism, offers a roadmap for a stable society: "Political Liberalism," a sequel to the classic "A Theory of Justice," is not just a philosophical treatise, but a practical model for pluralistic societies like ours.
In this book, Rawls responds to criticisms that his vision of justice is too "comprehensive", introducing political liberalism - a narrow, neutral conception of justice that focuses only on basic institutions, and not on the whole of life. Thus, the theory of justice gains support through an "overlapping consensus" of reasonable doctrines: religion, philosophy and science can coexist without imposing a single truth, under a "veil of ignorance" where we choose principles (freedom, equality, difference) without prejudice.
The key concept is the "original position": a hypothetical state of equal individuals who build justice on autonomy and tolerance, solving the "bourgeois problem" - how to ensure loyalty in divided societies? Rawls's answer is: public reason, education for ideals and a limited majority. Rawls criticizes fundamentalism and utopias, advocating procedural justice where institutions protect freedoms, not burden the conscience. The Croatian translation by Filip Grgić, with a foreword by Miomir Matulović, is an ideal introduction to contemporary liberalism - for philosophers, politicians and anyone who dreams of a just society.
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