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The Counterfeiters (1925) is an intellectually challenging novel, appreciated for its philosophical depth and courage. Written as an experimental "novel within a novel", Gide breaks with traditional narrative, offering a multi-layered reflection on authen
The plot follows several adolescents and adults whose lives intertwine. Bernard Profitendieu, a rebellious young man, discovers that he is not his father's son and leaves home, searching for his own identity. His friend Olivier Molinier struggles with family expectations and his attraction to an older writer, Édouard, who is writing a novel of the same title, The Counterfeiters of Money, creating a metanarrative. Édouard's quest for pure art mirrors Gide's own struggle with creativity, while characters like Bernard and Olivier test the limits of morality, sexuality, and freedom.
The novel explores "counterfeiting" in a metaphorical sense—false morality, social norms, and artistic compromise—as the characters struggle to find authenticity in a world full of deception. Gide uses diary entries, letters, and dialogue, creating a fragmented structure that reflects the chaos of youth and intellectual pursuits. Gide's style, imbued with irony and psychological acumen, makes it a key work of modernism, inviting readers to question truth and freedom.
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