Die Frage nach dem Ding
The Question of Things, a collection of lectures given by Heidegger in 1935/36, deals with the fundamental philosophical question: What is a thing? His starting point is Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, but Heidegger goes further, wanting to clarify the ve
Heidegger analyzes how in the history of philosophy the thing was understood primarily through the categories of subject and object – something that stands before man and that he can examine and use. In the modern age, especially with Kant's philosophy, the thing becomes that which is structured by the categories of mind – a phenomenon that appears before the subject.
However, Heidegger believes that this approach forgets the original connection between man and thing. He proposes a return to a more original understanding: the thing is not just the object of the object, but that which collects (Versammlung) – brings together in itself different aspects of the world (place, time, relations).
A thing, for example a vessel, is not only a material object, but makes possible the collection – it enables relations between water, earth, man and sky. In this way, Heidegger emphasizes that the true nature of a thing is revealed not through technical-scientific examination, but through being-in-the-world and experience.
"The Question of the Thing" is an introduction to Heidegger's later thinking about technology, language and Being, and is crucial for understanding his turn from the analysis of Dasein to reflection on Being and things.
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